➕➖✖️➗ Python Arithmetic Operators — Performing Mathematical Operations
Introduction 🌟
Arithmetic operators allow you to perform mathematical calculations in Python. These are the most commonly used operators when working with numbers, formulas, and expressions.
Note
💡 Python supports integer, float, and even complex number arithmetic.
1. List of Arithmetic Operators 🔢
| Operator | Symbol | Description | Example |
|---|---|---|---|
| Addition | + | Adds two numbers | 3 + 2 = 5 |
| Subtraction | - | Subtracts one from another | 5 - 2 = 3 |
| Multiplication | * | Multiplies numbers | 4 * 3 = 12 |
| Division | / | Returns float division | 10 / 4 = 2.5 |
| Floor Division | // | Returns whole number division | 10 // 4 = 2 |
| Modulus | % | Gives remainder | 10 % 3 = 1 |
| Exponent | ** | Power (xⁿ) | 2 ** 3 = 8 |
2. Basic Arithmetic Examples 🧮
basic_arithmetic.py
a = 10
b = 3
print(a + b) # 13
print(a - b) # 7
print(a * b) # 30
print(a / b) # 3.333...
print(a % b) # 1
print(a ** b) # 1000
print(a // b) # 33. Order of Operations (PEMDAS/BODMAS) 📘
Python follows mathematical precedence rules:
- P — Parentheses
- E — Exponent (**)
- M/D — Multiplication & Division
- A/S — Addition & Subtraction
precedence.py
result = 10 + 5 * 2
print(result) # 20
result = (10 + 5) * 2
print(result) # 30Note
🧠 Parentheses change the default order — use them to avoid confusion.
4. Working With Floats & Integers 🔄
float_int.py
x = 5
y = 2.0
print(x + y) # 7.0
print(x / y) # 2.5 (always float)
print(x // y) # 2.0 (floor division keeps float)Division always returns a float, even if divisible perfectly.
5. Modulus Operator (%) — Getting the Remainder 🧩
modulus.py
print(10 % 3) # 1
print(15 % 5) # 0
print(7 % 4) # 3Note
📌 Useful in even/odd checking, circular loops, and indexing.
6. Exponent Operator (**) — Power Operation ⚡
exponent.py
print(2 ** 3) # 8
print(5 ** 2) # 25
print(9 ** 0.5) # square root of 9 → 37. Floor Division (//) — Remove Decimals 🔽
floor_div.py
print(10 // 3) # 3
print(15 // 2) # 7
print(-10 // 3) # -4 (floors down)Note
Floor division always rounds downward.
8. Using Arithmetic Operators With Variables 🎯
variables_arithmetic.py
x = int(input("Enter a number: "))
y = int(input("Enter another number: "))
print("Sum =", x + y)
print("Difference =", x - y)
print("Product =", x * y)
print("Quotient =", x / y)9. Real-World Example 🌍
real_world_example.py
price = float(input("Enter price: "))
qty = int(input("Enter quantity: "))
total = price * qty
print(f"Total amount: Rs.{total:.2f}")Conclusion 🎉
>>“Arithmetic operators are the foundation of all calculations — master them and math becomes effortless in Python.” ✨
You now know all arithmetic operators and how to use them. Want the next topic? Try Comparison Operators, Logical Operators, Assignment Operators, Expressions, or Conditional Statements. Just ask! 😊